Virbac Dog » Endogard

Endogard Flavour Plus Tablets for Dogs

Qualitative and quantitative composition

Praziquantel 50 mg

Pyrantel embonate 144 mg

Febantel150 mg

Pharmaceutical form

Tablets.

Round, yellow, uncoated tablets with visible darker spots and bevelled edges with cross line on one side and plain on other side.

The tablets can be divided into equal halves or equal quarters.

Clinical particulars

Target species

Dogs, small and medium sizes

Indications for use

For the treatment of mixed infestations with the following roundworms and tapeworms in adult dogs and puppies:

Nematodes

Ascarids: Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina (late immature forms and mature forms)

Hookworms: Uncinaria stenocephala, Ancylostoma caninum (adults)

Cestodes

Tapeworms: Taenia spp., Dipylidium caninum

Contra-indications

Do not use simultaneously with piperazine compounds.

Do not exceed the stated dosage when treating pregnant bitches.

Do not use in animals with a known hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of excipients.

Not for use in dogs younger than 2 weeks of age and/or weighing less than 2 kg.

Special warnings for each target species

Fleas serve as intermediate hosts for one common type of tapeworm – Dipylidium caninum. Tapeworm infestation is certain to re-occur unless control of intermediate hosts as fleas, mice etc is undertaken.

Special precautions for use

Special precautions for use in animals

Any part-used tablets should be discarded.

Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals

In the interests of good hygiene, persons administering the tablet directly to a dog or by adding it to the dog's food should wash their hands afterwards.

In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice and show the package leaflet to the physician.

Adverse reactions

In rare cases transient loose faeces, diarrhoea and/or vomiting may occur in some puppies.

Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay

Consult a veterinary surgeon before treating pregnant animals for roundworms.

The product may be used during lactation.

Do not use in bitches during the first two-thirds of pregnancy.

Interactions

Do not use simultaneously with piperazine as the anthelmintic effects of pyrantel and piperazine (used in many worming products for dogs) may be antagonized.

Concurrent use with other cholinergic compounds can lead to toxicity.

Amounts to be administered and administration route

For oral administration.

Dosage

The recommended dose rates are: 15 mg/kg bodyweight febantel, 14.4 mg/kg pyrantel and 5 mg/kg praziquantel. This is equivalent to 1 tablet per 10 kg bodyweight.

Tablets may be halved/quartered to allow accuracy of dosing.

Administration and Duration of Treatment

The tablet(s) can be given directly to the dog or disguised in food. No restriction of access to food is required either before or after administration of the product.

To ensure administration of a correct dose, body weight should be determined as accurately as possible.

Puppies may be wormed with this product from 2 weeks of age and every 2 weeks until 12 weeks of age. Thereafter they should be treated at 3 monthly intervals. It is advisable to treat the bitch at the same time as the puppies.

For the control of Toxocara, nursing bitches should be dosed 2 weeks after giving birth and every 2 weeks until weaning.

For routine control a single dose is recommended at 3 monthly intervals.

In the event of a heavy roundworm infestation, a repeat dose should be given after 14 days.

Overdose

Benzimidazoles possess wide safety margin. Pyrantel is not absorbed systematically to any extent. Praziquantel also has a wide safety margin, of up to five times the recommended dose.

Withdrawal periods

Not applicable

Pharmacological particulars

Pharmacodynamic properties

The product contains anthelmintics active against roundworms and tapeworms. The product contains three active substances: febantel, pyrantel embonate (pamoate) and praziquantel, a partially hydrogenated pyrazino-isoquinoline derivative used widely as an anthelmintic for both human and veterinary use. Pyrantel acts as a cholinergic agonist. Its mode of action is to stimulate nicotinic cholinergic receptors of the parasite, induce spastic paralysis and thereby allow removal from the gastro-intestinal (GI) system by peristalsis.

With the mammalian system febantel undergoes ring closure forming fenbendazole and oxfendazole. It is these chemical entities which exert the anthelmintic effect by inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Formation of microtubules is thereby prevented, resulting in disruption to structures vital to the normal functioning of the helminth. Glucose uptake, in particular, is affected, leading to depletion in cell ATP. The parasite dies upon exhaustion of its energy reserves, which occurs 2 – 3 days later.

Praziquantel is very rapidly absorbed and distributed throughout the parasite. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that praziquantel causes severe damage to the parasite integument, resulting in contraction and paralysis. There is an almost instantaneous tetanic contraction of the parasite musculature and a rapid vacuolisation of the syncytial tegument. This rapid contraction has been explained by changes in divalent cation fluxes, especially calcium.

In this fixed combination product pyrantel and febantel act synergistically against all relevant nematodes (ascarids and hookworms) in dogs. In particular, the activity spectrum covers Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum. The spectrum of activity of praziquntel covers also cestode species in dogs, in particular all Taenia spp.and Dipylidium caninum,. Praziquantel acts against adult and immature forms of these parasites.

Pharmacokinetic properties

Perorally administered praziquantel is absorbed almost completely from the intestinal tract. After absorption, the drug is distributed to all organs. Praziquantel is metabolized into inactive forms in the liver and secreted in bile. It is excreted within 24 hours to more than 95% of the administered dosage. Only traces of non-metabolised praziquantel are excreted.

The pamoate salt of pyrantel has low aqueous solubility, an attribute that reduces absorption from the gut and allows the drug to reach and be effective against parasites in the large intestine. Because of the low systemic absorption of pyrantel pamoate, there is very little danger of adverse reactions/toxicity in the host. Following absorption, pyrantel pamoate is quickly and almost completely metabolized into inactive metabolites that are excreted rapidly in the urine.

Febantel is absorbed relatively rapidly and metabolized to a number of metabolites including fenbendazole and oxfendazole, which have anthelmintic activity.

Pharmaceutical particulars

Excipients

Lactose Monohydrate

Maize Starch

Povidone K-30

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

Microcrystalline Cellulose

Colloidal Anhydrous Silica

Magnesium Stearate

Meat Flavour

Major incompatibilities

None known

Shelf life

Shelf-life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 2 years.

Special precautions for storage

This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.

Immediate packaging

Print and perforated Alu-Alu blister: 100 tablets (10 blisters with 10 tablets), in a box.

Disposal

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

Marketing Authorisation Holder (if different from distributor)

KRKA, d.d., Novo mesto

Šmarješka cesta 6

8501 Novo mesto

Slovenia

Marketing authorisation number

Vm 01656/4017.

Date of the first authorisation or date of renewal

June 2011

Date of revision of the text

June 2011

Any other information

Nil

Legal category

NFA-VPS

Endogard Plus XLTablets for Dogs

Qualitative and quantitative composition

Each tablet contains:

Active substances:

Praziquantel175 mg

Pyrantel embonate 504 mg

Febantel525 mg

Pharmaceutical form

Tablets

Oval, biconvex tablets with bevelled edges and scored on both sides. Slightly greenish-yellow.

The tablets can be divided into equal halves.

Clinical particulars

Target species

Dogs, large and extra large sizes

Indications for use

For the treatment of mixed infestations with the following roundworms and tapeworms in adult dogs:

Nematodes:

Ascarids: Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina (late immature forms and mature forms)

Hookworms: Uncinaria stenocephala, Ancylostoma caninum (adults)

Cestodes:

Tapeworms: Taenia spp., Dipylidium caninum

Contra-indications

Do not use simultaneously with piperazine compounds.

Do not use in animals with a known hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of excipients.

Do not exceed the stated dosage when treating pregnant bitches.

Special warnings for each target species

Fleas serve as intermediate hosts for one common type of tapeworm – Dipylidium caninum. Tapeworm infestation is certain to re-occur unless control of intermediate hosts such as fleas, mice etc is undertaken.

Special precautions for use

Special precautions for use in animals

This product is not recommended for use in dogs under 17.5 kg body weight.

Any part-used tablets should be discarded.

Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals

In the interests of good hygiene, persons administering the tablet directly to a dog or by adding it to the dog's food, should wash their hands afterwards.

In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice and show the package leaflet to the physician.

Adverse reactions

None lnown

Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay

Consult a veterinary surgeon before treating pregnant animals for roundworms.

The product may be used during lactation.

Do not use in bitches during the first two-thirds of pregnancy.

Interactions

Do not use simultaneously with piperazine as the anthelmintic effects of pyrantel and piperazine (used in many worming products for dogs) may be antagonized.

Concurrent use with other cholinergic compounds can lead to toxicity.

Amounts to be administered and administration route

For oral administration.

Dosage

The recommended dose rates are: 15 mg/kg bodyweight febantel, 14.4 mg/kg pyrantel and 5 mg/kg praziquantel. This is equivalent to 1 tablet per 35 kg bodyweight.

Tablets may be halved to allow accuracy of dosing.

Administration and Duration of Treatment

No restriction of access to food is required either before or after administration of the product. The tablet(s) can be given directly to the dog or disguised in food.

To ensure administration of a correct dose, bodyweight should be determined as accurately as possible.

For the control of Toxocara, nursing bitches should be dosed 2 weeks after giving birth and every 2 weeks until weaning.

In the event of a heavy roundworm infestation, a repeat dose should be given after 14 days.

For routine control adult dogs should be treated every 3 months.

Overdose

The product is well tolerated in dogs. In safety studies, doses of up to five times the recommended dose gave rise to occasional vomiting.

Withdrawal periods

Not applicable

Pharmacological particulars

Pharmacodynamic properties

The product contains anthelmintics active against roundworms and tapeworms. The product contains three active substances: febantel, pyrantel embonate (pamoate) and praziquantel, a partially hydrogenated pyrazino-isoquinoline derivative used widely as an anthelmintic for both human and veterinary use.

Pyrantel acts as a cholinergic agonist. Its mode of action is to stimulate nicotinic cholinergic receptors of the parasite, induce spastic paralysis and thereby allow removal from the gastro-intestinal (GI) system by peristalsis.

With the mammalian system febantel undergoes ring closure forming fenbendazole and oxfendazole. It is these chemical entities which exert the anthelmintic effect by inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Formation of microtubules is thereby prevented, resulting in disruption to structures vital to the normal functioning of the helminth. Glucose uptake, in particular, is affected, leading to depletion in cell ATP. The parasite dies upon exhaustion of its energy reserves, which occurs 2 – 3 days later.

Praziquantel is very rapidly absorbed and distributed throughout the parasite. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that praziquantel causes severe damage to the parasite integument, resulting in contraction and paralysis. There is an almost instantaneous tetanic contraction of the parasite musculature and a rapid vacuolisation of the syncytial tegument. This rapid contraction has been explained by changes in divalent cation fluxes, especially calcium.

In this fixed combination product pyrantel and febantel act synergistically against all relevant nematodes in dogs. In particular, the activity spectrum covers Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum. The spectrum of activity of praziquntel covers also cestode species in dogs, in particular all Taenia spp. and Dipylidium caninum. Praziquantel acts against adult and immature forms of these parasites.

Pharmacokinetic properties

Perorally administered praziquantel is absorbed almost completely from the intestinal tract. After absorption, the drug is distributed to all organs. Praziquantel is metabolized into inactive forms in the liver and secreted in bile. It is excreted within 24 hours to more than 95% of the administered dosage. Only traces of non-metabolised praziquantel is excreted.

The pamoate salt of pyrantel has low aqueous solubility, an attribute that reduces absorption from the gut and allows the drug to reach and be effective against parasites in the large intestine. Because of the low systemic absorption of pyrantel pamoate, there is very little danger of adverse reactions/toxicity in the host. Following absorption, pyrantel pamoate is quickly and almost completely metabolized into inactive metabolites that are excreted rapidly in the urine.

Febantel is absorbed relatively rapidly and metabolized to a number of metabolites including fenbendazole and oxfendazole, which have anthelmintic activity.

Pharmaceutical particulars

Excipients

Lactose Monohydrate

Maize Starch

Povidone K-30

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

Microcrystalline Cellulose

Colloidal Anhydrous Silica

Magnesium Stearate

Major incompatibilities

None known

Shelf life

Shelf-life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 2 years.

Special precautions for storage

This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.

Immediate packaging

Print and perforated Alu-Alu blister: 10 tablets (1 blister with 10 tablets), in a box.

Disposal

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

Marketing Authorisation Holder (if different from distributor)

KRKA, d.d., Novo mesto

Šmarješka cesta 6

8501 Novo mesto

Slovenia

Marketing authorisation number

Vm 01656/4018.

Date of the first authorisation or date of renewal

June 2011

Date of revision of the text

June 2011

Any other information

Nil

Legal category

NFA-VPS